It has been clearly shown that when antiretrovirals are taken through the pregnancy and breastfeeding stage, there is a greatly reduced HIV infection rate. However, there must be 100% adherence to taking the drugs correctly or else there is a risk that the baby will become infected with HIV. There needs to be good support for mothers to help them adhere to an extended drug regimen as well as keeping to 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding. The organisation mothers2mothers, provides this support to mothers in need (for more info see www.m2m.org).
WHO says mothers may safely breastfeed provided that they or their infants receive ARV drugs during the breastfeeding period. This has been shown to give infants the best chance to be protected from HIV transmission in settings where breastfeeding is the best option. Many HIV-positive women will not be able to obtain an extended course of ARV drugs that not only includes the period when they are pregnant, but also includes the breastfeeding period. So many women will still face a dilemma about whether, and in exactly what circumstances, they should breastfeed.
All children born to HIV positive mothers should be tested for HIV to determine their status.: Babies that are HIV positive can be fed breast milk indefinitely. There is no additional risk from breast feeding an HIV positive baby. Early cessation of breast feeding for HIV positive and HIV negative babies has been shown to be harmful with increased mortality. So, in the absence of safe alternatives, HIV positive mothers of HIV negative babies should exclusively breast feed for six months and then add complementary, age-appropriate foods and continue with breast feeding until one-year. Ideally, these HIV negative, HIV-exposed babies either receive daily nevirapine or the mother is on ARVs for the duration of breast feeding.
Without question, breastfeeding should be promoted as ideal for most babies. But the drive to reinforce breastfeeding should not be a barrier to helping HIV-positive mothers choose the feeding method that is right for them. Policy makers and advocates must avoid unnecessary conflict between preventing HIV infection and improving child health in general.
Ultimately, the only way to end mother-to-child transmission of HIV is to prevent women becoming infected in the first place through education, empowerment and promotion of condoms. All women need access to HIV testing and counselling, but this is especially true for pregnant women and new mothers.
Those who test positive face a very difficult decision about how to feed their babies. What they need is accurate information, clear guidance and ongoing support to succeed with their chosen strategies.
Unfortunately, access to high quality counselling is scarce in much of the world, resulting in many mothers making inappropriate feeding decisions. There is a desperate need for more resources and better training of counsellors. Good quality programmes have the potential to save many thousands of infant lives.
In order to inform, support and encourage these women and help them make the right decisions we are supporting the incredible organisation, mothers2mothers, and you can to by donating to help a mother in need. Donate Here.
Note” - This information was taken from the website - http://www.avert.org/hiv-breastfeeding.htm, for more information and research on this topic click on the link provided.